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Data Sources, Provenance & Methodology

Every number, polygon, and status displayed on dhaka.nonarkara.org carries its source, collection time, reporting units, and license terms. This document details the open data infrastructure, validation standards, and refusal contracts.

1. Core Design & Architectural Laws

The Refusal Contract: If an upstream API is unreachable, times out, or produces malformed fields, the dashboard displays unavailable with an explicit machine-readable reasonCode and timestamp. It never invents a zero, never displays an empty widget as "normal", and never converts a lack of measurement into an "all-clear" signal.

Following Dr Non's cross-project principles (tested across Bangkok, Ho Chi Minh City, Jakarta, and Kuala Lumpur):

  • Provenance Tiers: Every feed is labeled with one of five tiers: measured (in-situ sensors), modeled (physical numerical simulations), simulated (urban scenarios), reference (official gazetteers/registers), or unavailable.
  • Cache stamp, not Date.now(): Build IDs are deterministic stamps committed to source, preventing hydration mismatches and guaranteeing reproducible releases.
  • Dieter Rams Geometry: Zero border-radius, zero drop-shadows, zero decorative gradients, hairline 1px borders, and a strict signal palette.
  • Bilingual Parity: Complete native Bengali (বাংলা) and English translation across all titles, descriptions, status pills, and error notifications.

2. Authoritative Data Source Register

Domain Publisher / Provider Dataset / Indicators Provenance Tier Update Frequency
Hydrology & Floods Bangladesh Water Development Board (BWDB) / FFWC 6 Peripheral river water levels (Buriganga, Turag, Balu, Shitalakshya, Tongi Khal, Dhaleshwari) vs official Danger Levels (m MSL) measured Daily bulletin (hourly during monsoon)
Macroeconomy Bangladesh Bank Foreign exchange reserves (Gross & BPM6), Worker inward remittances, USD/BDT crawling peg exchange rate measured Monthly bulletins & trends
Export Engine Export Promotion Bureau (EPB) / BGMEA Ready-Made Garments (RMG) Knitwear and Woven monthly export values measured Monthly official release
Capital Markets Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) DSEX benchmark index, market turnover, market capitalization measured Session close
Inflation Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS) Consumer Price Index (CPI) Headline, Food, and Non-Food Inflation measured Monthly bulletin
Air Quality Copernicus CAMS / Open-Meteo 7-Station Grid (Uttara, Mirpur, Gulshan, Farmgate, Motijheel, Sadarghat, Savar): PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2, CO, Ozone, US AQI modeled Hourly update, 72h forecast
Weather & Rain ECMWF / Open-Meteo Current temperature, relative humidity, apparent temp, 24h catchment precipitation accumulation modeled Hourly
Active Fires NASA FIRMS (NOAA-20 / VIIRS) 375m active thermal detections over brick kiln clusters in Savar, Gazipur, and Keraniganj measured Daily satellite pass
Night Radiance NASA GIBS (Suomi NPP Black Marble) VNP46A2 day/night band nighttime lights and urban electrification measured Daily composite
Rapid Transit Dhaka Mass Transit Company (DMTCL) / RAJUK MRT Line 6 stations, elevated alignment, Dhaka Elevated Expressway reference Surveyed alignments
Seismic Risk USGS Earthquake Hazards Program Magnitude 3.0+ events in Bengal Basin, Dauki Fault, and Tripura Fold Belt measured Real-time seismic network

3. Geographic Scope & Bounding Coordinates

The atlas covers Greater Metropolitan Dhaka and its primary industrial and hydrological catchment:

Bounding Box (WGS84):
South: 23.60°N (Narayanganj / Dhaleshwari confluence)
North: 23.95°N (Tongi Khal / Gazipur boundary / DEPZ Savar)
West: 90.25°E (National Martyrs' Memorial, Savar / Western Embankment)
East: 90.55°E (Balu River / Shitalakshya River / Adamjee EPZ)
Center: 23.8103°N, 90.4125°E

4. Author & Institutional Attribution

Dr Non Arkaraprasertkul
Senior Expert in Smart City Promotion, Digital Economy Promotion Agency (DEPA) of Thailand.
Lover of Southeast Asian and South Asian delta cities; builder of open civic instruments across ASEAN (Bangkok, Jakarta, Kuala Lumpur, Ho Chi Minh City) and now Dhaka.

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